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= Chemical bonding =

Specific Learning Objectives:

//(a)// describe the formation of ions by electron loss/gain in order to obtain the electronic structure of a noble gas //(b)// describe the formation of ionic (electrovalent) bonds between metals and non-metals as the electrostatic force which holds two oppositely charged ions together., e.g. Na//Cl//, Mg//Cl//2 and MgO, including the use of ‘dot and cross’ diagrams //(c)// state that ionic materials contain a giant lattice in which the ions are held by electrostatic attraction, e.g. Na//Cl// //(d)// deduce the formulae of other ionic compounds from diagrams of their lattice structures, limited to binary compounds //(e)// relate the physical properties (including electrical property) of ionic compounds to their lattice structure //(f)// describe the formation of a covalent bond by the sharing of a pair of electrons in order to gain the electronic configuration of a noble gas // (g) // describe, including the use of ‘dot and cross’ diagrams, the formation of covalent bonds between non-metallic elements e.g. H2; O2; N2; //Cl//2; H//Cl//; CO2; CH4; C2H4 // (h) // deduce the arrangement of electrons in other covalent molecules // (i) // describe covalent bonding in terms of orbital overlap, giving s and p bonds // (j) // describe hydrogen bonding, using ammonia and water as examples of molecules containing –NH and –OH groups // (k) // outline the importance of hydrogen bonding to the physical properties including ice and water //(l)// explain the terms bond energy, bond length and bond polarity and use them to compare the reactivities of covalent bonds //(m)// describe intermolecular forces (van der Waals’ forces // (n) // relate the physical properties (including electrical property) of covalent substances to their structure and bonding  //(o)// describe metallic bonding in terms of a lattice of positive ions surrounded by mobile electrons (‘sea of electrons’) //(p)// relate the electrical conductivity of metals to the mobility of the electrons in the structure  //(q)// describe, interpret and/or predict the effect of different types of bonding (ionic bonding; covalent bonding and metallic bonding) on the chemical and physical properties of substances

http://youtu.be/wWUYHHo-zB0<-- Song about chemical bonding(Not sure how to embed the video)